The Encyclopedia of World Religions

Index S 513

theosophy 448 Theravada Buddhism 448–449 arhat 32 bodhisattva 56 Buddha 64–65 Buddhism 66, 67 Buddhist dharma 117–118

Twelver Shi’ism 41, 212, 420 Tylor, Edward Burnett 18, 124, 126–127, 141, 384

Vigils de Charles VII, Les (Martial de Paris) 242 virgin birth 281, 467 Virgin of Guadalupe 394–395 Vishnu 467, 467–468 avatar 41 Krishna 257, 258 Lakshmi 262 lila 265 Manu 277 messiah 291 Rama, Ramayana 372 Vishwa Hindu Parishad (All-Hindu Congress; VHP) 164–165, 202 visions 315, 468 Vivekananda 203, 373, 468–469 Voltaire 383–384, 445–446 Voodoo 123, 428, 469, 469–470 W Wach, Joachim xi, 378–380 Waldensians 217, 331, 471 Wallace, A. R. 141 Wallace v. Jaffree 92 war and religion 331–332, 471–473 water and religion 473–474 Watts, Isaac 102 WCC (World Council of Churches) 130 Weber, Max 353, 474 weddings 246, 391, 416 Wellhausen, Julius 54 Wesley, Charles 292, 306, 474 Wesley, John 17, 138, 204, 292, 337, 474–475 Westphalia, Peace of 352 Wheatley, Paul 28 When Bad Things Happen to Good People (Kushner) 446 Whirling Dervishes 398, 431 White, Alma 204

U UFO religions 457–458 Umar (caliph) 369 Underhill, Evelyn 309 Understanding, Inc. 457 underworld 196, 213, 219, 227 Unitarianism 456, 458–459 Unitarian Universalist Association 461 United Church of Christ 102, 148, 459–460 United States, religion in 460–461 universalism 461 Universalist Church 461 untouchables 75 Upanishads 461–462 atman 37–38

Buddhist festivals 68 four noble truths 156 Mahayana Buddhism 273 nirvana 325 prajna 347

scriptures, Buddhist 412 Vietnamese religions 466 Thich Nhat Hanh 466–467 Thomas (apostle) 296 Thomas, gospel of 367, 449–450 Thor 450 Thoreau, Henry David 253 “Three Baskets.” See Tripitaka (“Three Baskets”) “three-body doctrine” 118 Tibetan Buddhism Bardo Thodol 48–49 Buddhist festivals 69 Dalai Lama 111 scriptures, Buddhist 412, 413 Tara 443 Tibetan religion 452 Vajrayana Buddhism 463–464 Tibetan religion 57–58, 114, 287, 450–453, 451 tikkun 252 Tilak, B. G. 50, 201 Tillich, Paul 144, 294, 347, 378, 436, 447 Tipitaka/Tipitika. See Tripitaka (“Three Baskets”) Titus (Roman emperor) 436 Tonpa Shenrap 58, 452 Torah 453, 453–454 bar/bat mitzvah 48 Bible 52–54 halakhah 190 James 230

brahman 58–59 cosmogony 103 fire and religion 151 Hinduism 200 prana 347

Siva 427 Veda 465 Urban II (pope) 108, 472–473 Utah 263, 264 Uthman (caliph) 369, 419

V Vaishali, Council at 105 Vajrayana Buddhism 463–464 Buddhism 65 guru 188 scriptures, Buddhist 412 Tantrism 438, 439 Tibetan religion 452 Valdes, Peter 471 van der Leeuw, Gerardus 380, 384 van Gennep, Arnold 390, 391 Varieties of Religious Experience, The (James) 360 varna 59, 75–76, 117, 200–201 Vatican Council, First 393, 464 Vatican Council, Second 118, 130, 393, 464 Vatican Councils 464 Veda 464–465 Agni 9 altar 11 brahman 58 Hinduism 200 Indra 215 myth and mythology 310 samsara 406 Upanishads 461–462 Vishnu 467 Yama 481 Zarathustra 485 Vedanta 37–38, 59, 461–462, 465 . See also Advaita Vedanta vegetarianism 119, 229, 328 Venus 465 Vietnamese religions 466–467

White, Ellen Harmon 416 Whitefield, George 389 Wicca 149, 332–333, 477 Wieman, Henry Nelson 179

Judaism 245 kabbalah 252 Moses 301 Paul (apostle) 336–337 Peter (apostle) 341 Pharisees 343 rabbi, rabbinate 371 scriptures, Hebrew 413, 414 synagogue 436

Wiesel, Elie 206, 446 Williams, Roger 365 Wilson, Edward 385

wisdom literature 25, 428, 475–476 witchcraft 217, 332, 476–478, 477

Woman’s Bible, The 147 women, oppression of 148 women, ordination of Anglicanism 18 Congregationalism 102 Episcopalianism 135 feminism 148 Holiness movement 204 ordination 328 Quakers 368 rabbi, rabbinate 371–372 women and religion

Torah, oral 190, 437, 454 Torquemada, Tomas de 217 totemism 126, 454 Transcendentalism. See New England Transcendentalism Transcendental Meditation 203 Trappists 454–455 Trent, Council of 25, 268, 376, 393, 455 tricksters 96–97, 197, 210, 455–456 trinity 133, 214, 240, 264, 456, 458–459 Tripitaka (“Three Baskets”) 118, 412, 448 Turner, Victor 391 Tutankhamen (king of Egypt) 10

feminism 147–150 Hindu dharma 117 Hinduism 201 Hinduism, new movements in 203