Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

CHALLENGE PEREMPTORY

CESTUI QUE VIE

190

house on the assembling of every new parlia ment. When the house is in committei on bills introduced by the government, or in committee of ways and means, or supply, oi in committee to consider preliminary resolu tions, it is his duty to preside. CHALDRON, CHALDERN, or CHAL DER. Twelve sacks of coals, each holding three bushels, weighing about a ton and » half. In "Wales they reckon 12 barrels oi pitchers a ton or chaldron, and 29 cwt. of 120 lbs. to the ton. Wharton. CHALKING, or CAULKING. The process or method of stopping the seams in • ship or a vessel. CHALLENGE. 1. To object or except to; to prefer objections to a person, right, oi instrument; to formally call into question the capability of a person for a particular func tion, or the existence of a right claimed, oz the sufficiency or validity of an instrument. 2. As a noun, the word signifies the objec tion or exception so advanced. 3. An exception taken against legal docu ments, as a declaration, count, or writ. But this use of the word is now obsolescent. 4. An exception or objection preferred against a person who presents himself at the polls as a voter, in order that his right to cast a ballot may be inquired into. 5. An objection or exception to the per sonal qualification of a judge or magistrate about to preside at the trial of a cause; as on account of personal interest, his having been of counsel, bias, etc. 6. An exception or objection taken to the jurors summoned and returned for the trial of a cause, either individually, (to the polls,) or collectively, (to the array.) AT COMMON LAW. The causes for principal chal lenges fall under four heads: (1) Propter honorta respectum. On account of respeot for the, party's social rank. (2) Propter defectum. On account of some legal disqualification, such as infancy or alienage. (3) Propter affectum. On account of partiality; that is, either expressed or implied bias or prejudice. (4) Propter dellctum. On account of crime; that is, disqualification arising from the conviction of an infamous crime. CHALLENGE FOR CAUSE. A chal lenge to a juror for which some cause or rea son is alleged. Termes de la Ley; 4 Bl. Comm. 353. Thus distinguished from a peremptory challenge. CHALLENGE PEREMPTORY. A privilege allowed to a prisoner in criminal cases, of challenging peremptorily a certain number of jurors, without assigning any

The person for whose life any lands, tene ments, or hereditaments are held. Cestuy que doit inheritor al pere doit inheritor al fils. He who would have been heir to the father of the deceased shall also be heir of the son. Fitzh. Abr. "Descent," 2; 2 Bl. Comm. 239, 250. CF. An abbreviated form of the Latin word conferre, meaning "compare." Directs the reader's attention to another part of the work, to another volume, case, etc., where contrasted, analogous, or explanatory views or statements may be found. CH. This abbreviation most commonly stands for "chapter," or "chancellor," but it may also mean "chancery," or "chief." CHACE. L. Fr. A chase or hunting ground. CHACEA. In old English law. A sta tion of game, more extended than a park, and less than a forest; also the liberty of chasing or hunting within a certain district; also the way through which cattle are driven to past ure, otherwise called a "drove-way." Blount. Chacea est ad communem legem. A chase is by common law. Beg. Brev. 806. CHACEABLE. L. Fr. That may be chased or hunted. CHACER. To drive, compel, or oblige; also to chase or hunt. CHACURUS. A horse for the chase, or a hound, dog, or courser. CHAFEWAX. An officer in the En glish chancery whose duty was to fit the wax to seal the writs, commissions, and other in struments thence issuing. The office was abolished by St. 15 & 16 Viet. c. 87, § 23. CHAFFERS. An anci ent term for goods, wares, and merchandise. CHAFFERY. Traffic; the practice of buying and selling. CHAIN. A measure used by engineers and surveyors, being twenty-two yards in length. CHAIRMAN. A name given to the pre siding officer of an assembly, public meeting, convention, deliberative or legislative body, board of directors, committee, etc. CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEES OF THE WHOLE HOUSE. In English par liamentary practice. In the commons, this officer, always a member, is elected by the

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