Money Laundering Scam

(b) Except when express provision therefor is otherwise made in a statute of the United States, where the plaintiff who files the case originally in the Federal courts is finally adjudged to be entitled to recover less than the sum or value of $75,000, computed without regard to any setoff or counterclaim to which the defendant may be adjudged to be entitled, and exclusive of interest and costs, the district court may deny costs to the plaintiff and,

1

2

3

4

in addition, may impose costs on the plaintiff.

5

(c) For the purposes of this section and section 1441 of this title -

6

(1) a corporation shall be deemed to be a citizen of any State by which it has been incorporated and of the State where it has its principal place of business, except that in any direct action against the insurer of a policy or contract of liability insurance, whether incorporated or unincorporated, to which action the insured is not joined as a party-defendant, such insurer shall be deemed a citizen of the State of which the insured is a citizen, as well as of any State by which the insurer has been incorporated and of the State where it has its principal place of

7

8

9

10

11

business; and

12

(2) the legal representative of the estate of a decedent shall be deemed to be a citizen only of the same State as the decedent, and the legal representative of an infant or incompetent shall be deemed to be a citizen only of the

13

14

same State as the infant or incompetent.

15

(d) The word ''States'', as used in this section, includes the Territories, the District of Columbia, and the

16

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico

17

Note in the above that the sovereign 50 states of the union of states are not "States" as defined above, they are "foreign states". 18 Let's examine this "foreign state" concept further. What follows is a definition of the term "foreign state" right out of Title 19 28, which is the title that regulates the authority of the Judiciary. We have boldface underlined the portion of the cite that 20 shows that sovereign states of the union of states are "foreign states": 21

TITLE 28 > PART IV > CHAPTER 97 > Sec. 1603.

22

Sec. 1603. - Definitions

23

For purposes of this chapter -

24

(a) A ''foreign state'', except as used in section 1608 of this title, includes a political subdivision of a foreign

25

state or an agency or instrumentality of a foreign state as defined in subsection (b).

26

(b) An ''agency or instrumentality of a foreign state'' means any entity -

27

(1) which is a separate legal person, corporate or otherwise, and

28

(2) which is an organ of a foreign state or political subdivision thereof, or a majority of whose shares or other

29

ownership interest is owned by a foreign state or political subdivision thereof, and

30

(3) which is neither a citizen of a State of the United States as defined in section 1332 (c) and (d) of this title,

31

nor created under the laws of any third country.

32

(c) The ''United States'' includes all territory and waters, continental or insular, subject to the jurisdiction of

33

the United States .

34

The federal courts therefore have no jurisdiction inside of "foreign states" defined above, which means in the 50 states and 35 outside the federal zone, unless the parties on both sides of the dispute meet the jurisdictional requirements of 28 U.S.C. 36 §1332. These conclusions are consistent with Article 1, Section 8, Clause 17 of the Constitution, which gives exclusive 37 legislative jurisdiction to the federal government only within the District of Columbia and areas within the "foreign states", 38 that is the 50 states, specifically ceded by the respective state government to the federal government. 39 Once we understand the jurisdictional limitations of the federal government, then we can examine all federal legislation it 40 passes with the assumption that it only applies within this limited jurisdiction, unless a contrary intent is clearly 41 communicated: 42

“A canon of construction which teaches that of Congress, unless a contrary intent appears, is meant to apply

43

only within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States .”

44

[U.S. v. Spelar, 338 U.S. 217 at 222 (1949)]

45

The Money Laundering Enforcement Scam

44 of 79

Copyright Sovereignty Education and Defense Ministry, http://sedm.org Form 05.044, Rev. 10-2-2013

EXHIBIT:________