Latin for Lawyers

L ATIN FOR L AWYERS

SLANDER PER QUOD Spoken words the defamatory impact of which must be proven by the plain tiff, who must allege and prove all the elements of slander and also injury to his own reputation or interests. See PER QUOD SLANDER PER SE Slanderous in itself. Spoken words which are so instrinsically damaging to the reputation of the plaintiff or to his office, trade or business as to be pre sumed actionable at law and therefore not to require extrinsic proof of actual injury or damage. Examples: charging a person falsely with commission of a crime or with some loathsome disease or with deviate sexual conduct. See PER SE SOBER, SOBRIETY [L. sobrius / not drunk, sober] Discriminating and sparing in the use of intoxicating drinks. Sedate. Earnest. Not extreme in action or thought. Sobriety is the state of being sober. A sobri ety checkpoint is a roadblock imposed by the police for the purpose of check ing drivers for the excessive consumption of liquor. These checkpoints have been held not to violate the Constitutional search and seizure restraints. SOCIAL [L. socio , sociare / to join together, unite; to associate] Involving the interaction of individuals with their friends and companions and with the other persons with whom they have contact. Companionship with one’s friends and associates. The organization of individuals and groups into units for the development and promotion of interdependent relationships. A social club is an organization for other than business, philanthropic or edu cational purposes which is exempt from income tax under the Internal Reve nue Code. A social guest is a person who comes upon the property of another on a social basis; the guest may be either a licensee or an invitee (some states do not make this distinction). A social host is an individual who serves another with alcohol in his home or office or in some other social setting and not for consideration or as a licensed vendor. Social hosts have been prose cuted criminally for serving liquor to minors and civilly for injuries caused to others by their liquor-consuming guests. Social security is a system of insur ance established by the federal government in 1935 to provide old-age and survivors insurance, contributions to state unemployment insurance pro grams, and other benefits; the system is funded by employee contributions taken from salaries and wages and by contributions from employers.

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