KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

964

PUBERTY

PUBLICATION

curring in putrefying fish and the tyrotoxi cons of decomposing milk and milk products. The age of fourteen in males and twelve in females, when they are held fit for, and capable of contracting, marriage. Otherwise called the "age of consent to mar riage." 1 Bl. Oomm. 436; 2 Kent, Comm. 78. See State v. Pierson, 44 Ark. 265. PUBLIC. Pertaining to a state, nation, or whole community; proceeding from, re lating to, or atrecting the whole body of peo ple or an entire community. Open to all; notorious. Common to all or many; gen eral ; open to common use. Morgan v. Cree, 46 Vt. 786, 14 Am. Rep. 640; Crane v. Wa ters (C. C.) 10 Fed. 621; Austin v. Soule, 36 Vt. 650; Appeal of Eliot, 74 Conn. 586, 51 Atl. 558; O'Hara v. Miller, 1 Kulp (Pa.) 295. A distinction has bee^n made between the terms "public" and "general." They are some times used as synonymous. The former term is applied strictly to that which concerns all the, citizens and every member of the state; while the latter includes a lesser, though still a large, portion of the community. 1 Greenl. Ev. § 128. As a noun, the word "public" denotes the whole body politic, or the aggregate of the citizens of a state, district, or municipality. Knight v. Thomas, 93 Me. 494, 45 Atl. 499; State v. Luce, 9 Houst (Del.) 396, 32 Atl. 1076; Wyatt v. Irrigation Co., 1 Colo. App. 480, 29 Pac. 906. —Public appointments. Public offices or stations which are to be filled by the appoint ment of individuals, under authority of law, in stead of by election.—Public building. One of ^hich the possession and use, as well as the property in it, are in the public Pancoast v. Troth, 34 N. J. Law, 383.—Public law. That branch or department of law which is concerned with the state in its political or sovereign capac ity, including constitutional and administrative law, and with the definition, regulation, and en forcement of rights in cases where the state is regarded as the subject of the right or object of the duty,—including criminal law and crim inal procedure,—and the law of the state, con sidered in its quasi private personality, i. e., as capable of holding or exercising rights, or ac quiring and dealing with property, in the char acter of an individual. See Holl. Jur. 106, 300. That portion of law which is concerned with political conditions; that is to say, with the powers, rights, duties, capacities, and incapaci ties which are peculiar to political superiors, supreme and subordinate. Aust. Jur. "Public law," in one sense, is a designation given to "in ternational law," as distinguished from the laws of a particular nation or state. In another ' sense, a law or statute that applies to the peo ple generally of the nation or state adopting or enacting it, is denominated a public law, as con tradistinguished from a private law, affecting only an individual or a small number of per sons. Morgan v. Cree, 46 Vt. 773, 14 Am. Rep. 640.—Public offense. A public offense is an act or omission forbidden by law, and punisha ble as by law provided. Code Ala. 1886, § 3699. Ford v. State, 7 Ind. App. 567, 35 N. E. 34; State v. Cantieny, 34 Minn. 1, 24 N. W. 458. —Public passage. A right, subsisting in the public, to pass over a body of water, whether the land under it be public or owned by a pri vate person.—Public place. A place to which the general public has a right to resort; not PUBERTY.

necessarily a place devoted solely to the uses of the public, but a place which is in point of fact public rather than private, a place visited by many persons and usually accessible to the public. See State v. Welch, 88 Ind. 310; Gom precht v. State, 36 Tex. Cr. R. 434, 37 S. W. 734; Russell v. Dyer, 40 N. H. 187; Roach v. Eugene, 23 Or. 376, 31 Pac. 825; Taylor v. State, 22 Ala. 15.—Publio purpose. In the law of taxation, eminent domain, etc., this is a term of classification to distinguish the objects for which, according to settled usage, the gov ernment is to provide, from those which, by the like usage, are left to private interest, inclina tion, or liberality. People v. Salem Tp. Board, 20 Mich. 485, 4 Am. Rep. 400. See Black, Const. Law (3d Ed.) p. 454, et seq.— Publio service. A term applied in modern usage to the objects and enterprises of certain kinds of corporations, which specially serve the needs of the general public or conduce to the comfort and convenience of an entire community, such as railroads, gas, water, and electric light com panies.—Public, true, and notorious. The old form by which charges in the allegations in the ecclesiastical courts were described at the end of each particular.—Public use, in consti tutional provisions restricting the exercise of the right to take private property in virtue of em inent domain, means a use concerning the whole community as distinguished from particular in dividuals. But each and every member of so ciety need not be equally interested in such use. or be personally and directly affected by it; it the object is to satisfy a great public want or exigency, that is sufficient. Gilmer v. Lime Point, 18 Cal. 229; Budd v. New York, 143 U. S. 517, 12 Sup. Ct 468, 36 L. Ed. 247.—Publio •ways. Highways, (q. v.) —Public welfare. The prosperity, well-being, or convenience of the public at large, or of a whole community, as distinguished from the advantage of an individ ual or limited class. See Shaver v. Starrett, 4 Ohio St. 499. As to public "Accounts," "Act," "Adminis trator," "Agent," "Attorney," "Auction," "Blockade," "Boundary," "Bridge," "Carrier," "Chapel," "Charity," "Company," "Corpora tion," "Debt," "Document," "Domain," "Ease ment," "Enemy," "Ferry," "Funds," "Grant," "Health," "Holiday," "House," "Indecency," "Lands," "Market," "Minister," "Money," "Notice," "Nuisance," "Onicer," "Peace," "Policy," "Pond," "Printing," "Property," "Prosecutor," "Record," "Revenue," "River," "Road," "Sale," "School," "Seal," "Stock," "Store," "Tax," "Trial," "Verdict," "Vessel," "War," "Works," "Worship," and "Wrongs," see those titles. A farm er of the public revenue; one who held a lease of some property from the public treasury. Dig. 39, 4, 1, 1; Id. 39, 4, 12, 3; Id. 39, 4, 13. In English law. Persons authorized by license to keep a public house, and retail therein, for consumption on or off the prem ises where sold, ail intoxicating liquors; also termed "licensed victuallers." Wharton. PUBLICAN. In the civil law.

PUBLICANUS. Lat In Roman law. A farmer of the customs; a publican. Calvin.

PUBLICATION. 1. The act of publish ing anything or making it public; offering it