KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

759

MARISCHAL

MARCHIONESS

was the admiral or

marinwrius capitaneus warden of the ports.,

MARCHIONESS. A dignity in a woman answerable to that of marquis in a man, con ferred either by creation or by marriage with a marquis. Wharton. MARE. Lat The sea. —Mare clausum. The sea closed; that is, not open or free. The title of Selden's great work, intended as an answer to the Mare Lib erum of Grotius; in which he undertakes to prove the sea to be capable of private dominion. 1 Kent, Comm. 27.—Mare liberum. The sea free. The title of a work written by Grotius against the Portuguese claim to an exclusive trade to the Indies, through the South Atlantic and Indian oceans; showing that the sea was not capable of private dominion. 1 Kent, Comm. 27. MARESCAIiIiXJS. In old English law. A marshal; a master of the stables; an offi cer of the exchequer; a military officer of high rank, having powers and duties similar to those of a constable. Du Cange. See MARSHAL. MARESCHAL. L. Fr. Marshal; a high officer of the royal household. Britt. fol. 16. MARETTUM. Marshy ground overflow ed by the sea or great rivers. Co. Litt 5. MARGIN. 1. The edge or border; the edge of a body of water where it meets the land. As applied to a boundary line of land, the "margin" of a river, creek, or other water-course means the center of the stream. Ex parte Jennings, 6 Cow. (N. Y.) 527, 16 Am. Dec. 447; Varick v. Smith, 9 Paige

MARINE. Naval; relating or pertaining to the sea; transacted at sea; doing duty or service on the sea. This is also a general name for the navy of a kingdom or state; as also the whole economy of naval affairs, or whatever re spects the building, rigging, arming, equip ping, navigating, and fighting ships. It com prehends also the government of naval arma ments, and the state of all the persons em ployed therein, whether civil or military. Also one of the marines. Wharton. See Doughten v. Vandever, 5 Del. Ch. 73. —Marine belt. That portion of the main or open sea, adjacent to the shores of a given country, over which the jurisdiction of its mu nicipal laws and local authorities extends; de fined by international law as extending out three miles from the shore. See The Alexander (D. C.) 60 Fed. 918.—Marine carrier. By stat utes of several states this term is applied to carriers plying upon the ocean, arms of the sea, the Great Lakes, and other navigable waters within the jurisdiction of the United States. Civ. Code Cal. 1903, § 2087; Rev. & Ann. St Okl. 1903, § 652; Rev. Codes N. D. 1899, f 4176.—Marine contract. One relating to maritime affairs, shipping, navigation, marine insurance, affreightment, maritime loans, or other business to be done upon the sea or in connection with navigation.—Marine corps. A body of soldiers enlisted and equipped for service on board vessels of war; also the naval forces of the nation. U. S. v. Dunn, 120 U. S. 249, 7 Sup. Ct 507, 30 L. Ed. 667.—Marine court in the city of New York. A local court of New York having original jurisdiction of civil causes, where the action is for personal injuries or defamation, and of other civil actions where the damages claimed do not exceed $2,000. It is a court of record. It was originally created as a tribunal for the settlement of causes be tween seamen.—Marine insurance. See IN SURANCE.—Marine interest. Interest, al lowed to be stipulated for at an extraordinary rate, for the use and risk of money loaned on respondentia and bottomry bonds.—Marine league. A measure of distance commonly em ployed at sea, being equal to one-twentieth part of a degree of latitude, or three geographical or nautical miles. See Rockland, etc., S. Co., v. Fessenden, 79 Me. 140, 8 Atl. 552.—Marine risk. The perils of the sea; the perils neces sarily incident to navigation.—Marine Socie ty. In English law. A charitable institution for the purpose of apprenticing boys to the naval service, etc., incorporated by 12 Geo. III. c. 67. MARINER. A seaman or sailor; one engaged in navigating vessels upon the sea. MARINES. A body of infantry soldiers, trained to serve on board of vessels of war when in commission and to fight in naval en gagements. Maris et fceminse conjnnctio est de jure naturae. 7 Coke, 13. The connection of male and female Is by the law of nature. An officer In Scotland, who, with the lord high constable, possessed a supreme itinerant jurisdiction in all crimes MARISCHAL.