KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

580

HOT-WATER ORDEAL

H0RTU3

Hostes sunt qui nobis vel qnibus noa bellum deceraimus; cseteri proditores vel prsedoaes sunt. 7 Coke, 24. Enemies are those with whom we declare war, or who declare it against us; all others are traitors or pirates. HOSTIA. In old records. The host bread, or consecrated wafer, in the eucha rist Cowell. HOSTICIDE. One who kills an enemy. HOSTILARIA, HOSPITALARIA. A place or room in religious houses used for the reception of guests and strangers. HOSTILE. Having the character of an enemy; standing in the relation of an ene my. See 1 Kent Comm. c 4. —Hostile embargo. One laid upon the ves sels of an actual or prospective enemy.— Hos tile possession. This term as applied to an occupant of real estate holding adversely, is not construed as implying actual enmity or ill will, but merely means that he claims to hold the possession in the character of an owner, and therefore denies all validity to claims set up by any and all other persons. Ballard v. Hansen, 33 Neb. 861, 51 N. W. 295; Griffin v. Mulley, 167 Pa. 339, 31 Atl. 664.— Hostile witness.. A witness who manifests so much hostility or prejudice under examination in chief that the party who has called him, or his representative, is allowed to cross-examine him, t. e., to treat him as though he had been called by the opposite party. Wharton. HOSTILITY. In the law of nations. A state of open war. "At the breaking out of have commenced." Id. 56. A hostile character. "Hostility may at tach only to the person." Id. HOSTLER. In Norman and old English law, this was the title of the officer in a monastery charged with the entertainment of guests. It was also applied (until about the time of Queen Elizabeth) to an innkeeper, and afterwards, when the keeping of horses at livery became a distinct occupation, to the keeper of a livery stable, and then (under the modern form "ostler") to the groom in charge of the stables of an inn. Cromwell v. Stephens, 2 Daly (N. Y.) 20. In the lan guage of railroading, an "ostler" or "hostler" at a roundhouse is one whose duty it is to receive locomotives as they come in from the road, care for them in the roundhouse, and have them cleaned and ready for de parture when wanted. Railroad Co. v. Mas sig, 50 111. App. 666; Railroad Co. v. Ash ling, 34 111. App. 105; Grannis v. Railroad Co., 81 Iowa, 444, 46 N. W. 1067. In old Eng lish law. This was a test in cases of ac cusation, by hot water; the party accused and suspected being appointed by the judge to put his arms up to the elbows in seeth- hostility." 1 Kent, Comm. 60. An act of open war. "When hostilities HOT-WATER ORDEAL.

head of this department It is subordinate to the war office, but the relations between them are complicated. Wharton. HORTITS. Lat In the civil law. A gar den. Dig. 32, 91, 5. HOSPES. Lat A guest 8 Coke, 32. HOSPES GENERALIS. A great cham berlain. HOSPITAIi. An institution for the re ception and care of sick, wounded, infirm, or aged persons; generally incorporated, and then of the class of corporations called "elee mosynary" or "charitable" See In re Ourtiss (Sur,) 7 N. Y. Supp. 207. HOSPITALLERS. The knights of a re ligious order, so called because they built a hospital at Jerusalem, wherein pilgrims were received. All their lands and goods in Eng land were given to the sovereign by 32 Hen. VIII. c. 24. HOSPITATOR. A host or entertainer. Hospitator communis. An innkeeper. 8 Coke, 32. Hospitator magnus. The marshal of a camp. HOSPITIA. Inns. Hospitia communia, common inns. Reg. Orig. 105. Hospitia cu riae, inns of court Hospitia cancellarice, inns of chancery. Crabb, Eng. Law, 428, 429; 4 Reeve, Eng. Law, 120. HOSPITIUM. An inn; a household. See Cromwell v. Stephens, 2 Daly (N. X.) 17. HOSPODAR. A Turkish governor in Mol davia or Wallachia. HOST. L. Fr. An army. Britt c. 22. A military expedition; war. Kelham. HOSTAGE. A person who is given into the possession of the enemy, in a public war, his freedom (or life) to stand as security for the performance of some contract or promise made by the belligerent power giving the hostage with the other. In old records. A right to receive lodging and entertainment anciently reserved by lords in the houses of their tenants. Cowell. HOSPITICIDE. One that kills his guest or host HOSTELAGIUM.

HOSTELER..

See HOSTLEB.

HOSTES. Lat Enemies. Hostes Ttumani generis, enemies of the human race; i. e., pi rates.