KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

523

FREDSTOLE

FREEHOLD

FREDSTOLE.

Sanctuaries;

seats of

dom of civil rights enjoyed by freemen. It was liable to forfeiture on conviction of treason or an infamous crime. McCafferty v. Guyer, 59 Pa. 116.—Free services. In feudal and old English law. Such feudal services as were not unbecoming the character of a soldier or a free man to perform; as to serve under his lord in the wars, to pay a sum of money, and the like. 2 Bl. Comm. 60, 61.—Free sharehold ers. The free shareholders of a building and loan association are subscribers to its capital stock who are not borrowers from the associa tion. Steinberger v. Independent B. & S. Ass'n, 84 Md. 625, 36 Atl. 439.—Free ships. In international law. Ships of a neutral na tion. The phrase "free ships shall make free goods" is often inserted in treaties, meaning that goods, even though belonging to an. enemy, shall not be seized or confiscated, if found in neutral ships. Wheat. Int. Law, 507, et seq.«— Free socage. See SOCAGE.—Free tenure. Tenure by free services; freehold tenure Free warren. See WAEBEN. FREE ON BOARD. A sale of goods "free on board" imports that they are to be delivered on board the cars, vessels, etc., without expense to the buyer for packing, cartage, or other such charges. In a contract for sale and delivery of goods "free on board" vessel, the seller is under no obligation to act until the buyer names the ship to which the delivery is to be made. Dwight v. Eckert, 117 Pa. 508, 12 Atl. 32. FREEDMAN. In Roman law. One who was set free from a state of bondage; an emancipated slave. The word is used in the same sense in the United States, respecting negroes who were formerly slaves. Fairfield v. Lawson, 50 Conn. 513, 47 Am. Rep. 669; Davenport v. Caldwell, 10 S. C. 333. FREEDOM. The state of being free; liberty; self-determination; absence of re straint ; the opposite of slavery. The power of acting, in the character of a moral personality, according to the dictates of the will, without other check, hindrance, or prohibition than such as may be imposed by just and necessary laws and the duties of social life. The prevalence, in the government and con stitution of a country, of such a system of laws and institutions as secure civil liberty to the individual citizen. —Freedom of speech and of the press. See LIBERTY. FREEHOLD. An estate in land or other real property, of uncertain duration; that is, either of inheritance or which may possibly last for the life of the tenant at the least, (as distinguished from a leasehold;) and held by a free tenure, (as distinguished from copy hold or villeinage.) Nevitt v. Woodburn, 175 111. 376, 51 N. E. 593; Railroad Co. v. Hemp hill, 35 Miss. 22; Nellis v. Munson, 108 N. Y. 453, 15 N. E. 739; Jones v. Jones, 20 Ga. 700. Such an interest in lands of frank-tenement as may endure not only during the owner's life, but which is cast after his death upon the persons who successively represent him, ac cording to certain rules elsewhere explained.

peace.

FREDUM. A fine paid for obtaining par don when the peace had been broken. Spel man; Blount. A sum paid the magistrate for protection against the right of revenge. FREE. 1. Unconstrained; having power to follow the dictates of his own will. Not subject to the dominion of another. Not compelled to involuntary servitude. Used in this sense as opposed to "slave." 2. Not bound to service for a fixed term of years; in distinction to being bound as an apprentice. 3. Enjoying full civic rights. 4. Available to all citizens alike without charge; as a free school. 5. Available for public use without charge or toll; as a free bridge. 6. Not despotic; assuring liberty; defend ing individual rights against encroachment by any person or class; instituted by a free people; said of governments, institutions, etc Webster. 7. Certain, and also consistent with an honorable degree in life; as free services, in the feudal law. 8. Confined to the person possessing, in stead of being shared with others; as a free fishery. 9. Not engaged in a war as belligerent or ally; neutral; as in the maxim, "Free ships make free goods." —Free alms. The name of a species of ten ure. See FRANK-ALMOIGNE.—Free and clear. The title to property is said to be "free and clear" when it is not incumbered by any liens; but it is said that an agreement to convey land "free and clear" is satisfied by a conveyance passing a good title. Meyer v^ Madreperla, 68 N. J. Law, 258, 53 Atl. 477, 96 Am. St. Rep. 536.—Free-bench. A widow's dower out of copyholds to which she is entitled by the custom of some manors. It is regarded as an excrescence growing out of the husband's in terest, and is indeed a continuance of his estate. Wharton.—Free-bord. In old records. An allowance of land over and above a certain limit or boundary, as so much beyond or with out a fence. Cowell; Blount. The right of claiming that quantity. Termes de la Ley.— Free borough men. Such great men as did not engage, like the frank-pledge men, for their decennier. Jacob.—Free chapel. In English ecclesiastical law. A place of worship, so called because not liable to the visitation of the ordinary. It is always of royal foundation, or founded at least by private persons to whom the crown has granted the privilege. 1 Burn, Ecc. Law, 298.—Free conrse. In admiralty law. A vessel having the wind from a favor able quarter is said to sail on a "free course," or said to be "going free" when she has a fair (following) wind and her yards braced in. The Queen Elizabeth (D C.) 100 Fed. 876.—Free entry, egress, and regress. An expression used to denote that a person has the right to go on land again and again as often as may be reasonably necessary. Thus, in the case ,of a tenant entitled to emblements.—Free aahery. See FISHERY.—Free law. A term formerly used in England to designate the free