KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

425

ENGROSSING

ENFORCE

the means of carrying on a tirade. But in a more limited sense it means a thing of con siderable dimensions, of a fixed or permanent nature, analogous to an erection or building. Id. 182. And see Lefler v. Forsberg, 1 App. D. C. 41; Brown v. Benson, 101 Ga. 753, 29 S. E. 215. ENGIiESHIRE. A law was made by Canute, for the preservation of his Danes, that, when a man was killed, the hundred or town should be liable to be amerced, unless it could be proved that the person killed was an Englishman. This proof was called "En gleshtre." 1 Hale, P. C. 447; 4 Bl. Comm. 195; Spelman. ENGLETEBRE. L. Fr. England. ENGLISH INFORMATION. In Eng lish law. A proceeding" in the court of ex chequer in matters ot revenue. ENGLISH MARRIAGE. This phrase may refer to the place where the marriage is solemnized, or it may refer to the nation ality and domicile of the parties between whom it is solemnized, the place where the union so created is to be enjoyed. 6 Prob. Div. 51. ENGRAVING. In copyright law. The art of producing on hard material incised or raised patterns, lines, and the like, from which an impression or print is taken. The term may apply to a text or script, but is generally restricted to pictorial illustrations or works connected with the fine arts, not including the reproduction of pictures by means of photography. Wood v. Abbott, 5 Blatchf. 325, Fed. Cas. No. 17,938; Higgins v. Keuffel, 140 U. S. 428, 11 Sup. Ot 731, 35 L. Ed. 470; In re American Bank Note Co., 27 Misc. Rep. 572, 58 N. Y. Supp. 276. ENGROSS. To copy the rude draft of an instrument in a fair, large hand. To write out, in a large, fair hand, on parch ment. In old criminal law. To buy up so much of a commodity on the market as to obtain a monopoly and sell again at a forced price. ENGROSSER. One who engrosses or writes on parchment in a large, fair hand. One who purchases large quantities of any commodity in order to acquire a monopoly, and to sell them again at high prices. ENGROSSING. In English law. The getting into one's possession, or buying up, large quantities of corn, or other dead vict uals, with intent to sell them again. The total engrossing of any other commodity, with intent to sell it at an unreasonable price. 4 Bl. Comm. 158, 159. This was a misde meanor, punishable by fine and imprison ment. Steph. Crim. Law, 95. Now repeal ed by 7 & 8 Vict. c. 24, 4 Steph. Comm. 291, note.

ENFORCE. To put into- execution; to cause to take effect; to make effective; as, to enforce a writ, a judgment, or the collec tion of a debt or fine. Breitenbach v. Bush, 44 Pa. 320, 84 Am. Dec 442; Emery v. Emery, 9 How. Prac. (N. Y.) 132; People v. Christerson, 59 111. 158. ENFRANCHISE. To make free; to in corporate a man in a society or body politic. ENFRANCHISEMENT. The act of mak ing free; giving a franchise or freedom to; investiture with privileges or capacities of freedom, or municipal or political liberty. Admission to the freedom of a city; admis sion to political rights, and particularly the right of suffrage. Anciently, the acquisition of freedom by a villein from his lord. The word is now used principally either of the manumission of slaves, (q. v.,) of giving to a borough or other constituency a right to return a member or members to parliament, or of the conversion of copyhold into free hold. Mozley & Whitley. —Enfranchisement of copyholds. In Eng lish law. The conversion of copyhold into freehold tenure, by a conveyance of the fee simple of the property from the lord of the manor to the copyholder, or by a release from the lord of all seigniorial rights, etc., which destroys the customary descent, and also all rights and privileges annexed to the copyhold er's estate., 1 Watk. Copyh. 362; 2 Steph. Comm. 51.' ENGAGEMENT. In French law. A contract. The obligation arising from a quasi contract The terms "obligation" and "engagement" are said to be synonymous, (17 Toullier, no. 1;) but the Code seems specially to apply the term "engagement" to those obligations which the law imposes on a man without the Intervention of any contract, either on the part of the obligor or the obligee, (article 1370.) An engagement to do or omit to do something amounts to a promise. Rue v. Rue, 21 N. J. Law, 369. In English practice. The term has been appropriated to denote a contract entered in to by a married woman with the intention of binding or charging her separate estate, or, with stricter accuracy, a promise which in the case of a person sui juris would be a con tract, but in the case of a married woman is not a contract, because she cannot bind her self personally, even in equity. Her engage ments, therefore, merely operate as disposi tions or appointments pro tanto of her sep arate estate. Sweet. ENGINE. This is said to be a word of very general signification; and, when used In an act, its meaning must be sought out from the act itself, and the language which surrounds it, and also from other acts in peri materia, in which it occurs. Abbott, J., 6 Maule & S. 192. In a large sense, it ap plies to all utensils and tools which afford