KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

COURT OF GREAT SESSIONS

289

COURT OF MARSHALSEA

against any officer or soldier. The said court shall consist of one or more officers, not ex ceeding three, and a judge advocate, or other suitable person, as a recorder, to reduce the proceedings and evidence to writing; all of whom shall be sworn to the performance of their duty. Rev. St. § 1342, arts. 115, 116 (U. S. Comp. St. 1901, pp. 970, 971.) COURT OF JUSTICE SEAT. In Eng lish law. The principal of the forest courts. COURT OF JUSTICIARY. A Scotch court of general criminal jurisdiction of all offenses committed in any part of Scotland, both to try causes and to review decisions of inferior criminal courts. It is composed of five lords of session with the lord president or justice-clerk as president It also has ap pellate jurisdiction in civil causes involving small amounts. An appeal lies to the house of lords. COURT OF KING'S BENCH. In Eng lish law. The supreme court of common law in the kingdom, now merged in the high court of justice under the judicature act of 1873, § 16. COURT OF LAW. In a wide sense, any duly constituted tribunal administering the laws of the state or nation; in a narrower sense, a court proceeding according to the course of the common law and governed by its rules and principles, as contrasted with a "court of equity." COURT OF LODEMANAGE. An an cient court of the Cinque Ports, having ju risdiction in maritime matters, and particu larly over pilots (lodemen.) COURT OF THE LORD HIGH STEW ARD, in English law. A court instituted for the trial, during the recess of parlia ment, of peers indicted for treason or felony, or for misprision of either. This court is not a permanent body, but is created in mod ern times, when occasion requires, and for the time being, only; and the lord high stew ard, so constituted, with such of the tem poral lords as may take the proper oath, and act, constitute the court COURT OF THE LORD HIGH STEW ARD OF THE UNIVERSITIES. In Eng lish law. A court constituted for the trial of scholars or privileged persons connected with the university at Oxford or Cambridge who are indicted for treason, felony, or may hem. COURT OF MAGISTRATES AND FREEHOLDERS. In American law. The name of a court formerly established in South Carolina for the trial of slaves and free persons of color for criminal offenses. COURT OF MARSHALSEA. A court which has jurisdiction of all trespasses com-

New York) to a court of general original ju risdiction in criminal cases. COURT OF GREAT SESSIONS IN WAXES. A court formerly held in Wales; abolished by 11 Geo. IV. and 1 Wm. IV. c. 70, and the Welsh judicature incorporated with that of England. 3 Steph. Comni. 317, note. COURT OF GUESTLING. An assembly of the members of the Court of Brotherhood (supra) together with other representatives of the corporate members of the Cinque Ports, invited to sit with the mayors of the seven principal towns. Cent Diet COURT OF HIGH COMMISSION. In English law. An ecclesiastical court of very formidable jurisdiction, for the vindication of the peace and dignity of the church, by re forming, ordering, and correcting the eccle siastical state and persons, and all manner of errors, heresies, schisms, abuses, offenses, contempts, and enormities. 3 Bl. Comm. 67. It was erected by St. 1 Eliz. c. 1, and abol ished by 16 Oar. I. c 11. COURT OF HONOR. A court having ju risdiction to hear and redress injuries or af fronts to a man's honor or personal dignity, of a nature not cognizable by the ordinary courts of law, or encroachments upon his rights in respect to heraldry, coat-armor, right of precedence, and the like. It was one of the functions of the Court of Chivalry (q. v.) in England to sit and act as a court of honor. 3 Bl. Comm. 104. The name is also given in some European countries to a tri bunal of army officers (more or less distinctly recognized by law as a "court") convened for the purpose of inquiring into complaints af fecting the honor of brother officers and pun ishing derelictions from the code of honor and deciding on the causes and occasions for fight ing duels, in which officers are concerned, and the manner of conducting them. COURT OF HUSTINGS. In English law. The county court of London, held be fore the mayor, recorder, and sheriff, but of which the recorder is, in effect, the sole judge. No actions can be brought in this court that are merely personal. 3 Steph. Comm. 449, note I. In American law. A local court in some parts of the state of Virginia. Smith v. Commonwealth, 6 Grat. 696. COURT OF INQUIRY. In English law. A court sometimes appointed by the crown to ascertain whether it be proper to resort to extreme measures against a person charged before a court-martial. In American law. A court constituted by authority of the articles of war, invested with the power to examine into the nature of any transaction, accusation, or imputation BL.LAW DICT.(2D ED.)—19