KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

1105

STANNARIES

STATE

STANNARIES. A district which in cludes all parts of Devon and Cornwall where some tin work is situate and in actual opera tion. The tin miners of the stannaries have certain peculiar customs and privileges. —Stannary courts. Courts in Devonshire and Cornwall for the administration of justice among the miners and tinners. These courts were held before the lord warden and his depu ties by virtue of a privilege granted to the work ers of the tin-mines there, to sue and be sued in their own courts only, in order that they might not be drawn away from their business by hav ing to attend law-suits in distant courts. Brown. STAPLE. In English, law. A mart or market. A place where the buying and sell ing of wool, lead, leather, and other articles were put under certain terms. 2 Reeve, Eng. Law, 393. In international law. The right of sta ple, as exercised by a people upon foreign merchants, is defined to be that they may not allow them to set their merchandises and wares to sale but in a certain place. This practice is not in use in the United States. 1 Chit. Com. Law, 103. —Staple Inn. An inn of chancery. See INNS OF CHANCERY.—Statute-staple. In English law. A security for a debt acknowledged to be due, so called from its being entered into be fore the mayor of the staple, that is to say, the grand mart for the principal commodities or manufactures of the kingdom, formerly held by act of parliament in certain trading towns. In other respects it resembled the statute-merchant, (a. v.,) but like that has now fallen into disuse. 2 Bl. Comm. 160; 1 Steph. Comm. 287. STARBOARD. In maritime law. The right-hand side of a vessel when the observer faces forward. "Starboard tack," the course of vessel when she has the wind on her star board bow. Burrows v. Gower (D. C.) 119 Fed. 617. STAR-CHAMBER was a court which, originally had jurisdiction in cases where the ordinary course of justice was so much obstructed by one party, through writs, com bination of maintenance, or overawing influ ence that no inferior court would find its process obeyed. The court consisted of the privy council, the common-law judges, and (it seems) all peers of parliament. In the reign of Henry VIII. and his successors, the jurisdiction of the court was illegally extend ed to such a degree (especially in punishing disobedience to the king's arbitrary procla mations) that it became odious to the nation, and was abolished. 4 Steph. Comm. 310; Sweet. STARE DECISIS. Lat. To stand by de cided cases; to uphold precedents; to main tain former adjudications. 1 Kent, Comm. 477. STARE'IN JTJDICIO. Lat. To appear before a tribunal, either as plaintiff or de-* fendant. BL.LAW DICT.(2D ED.)—70

STARR, or STARRA. The old term for contract or obligation among the Jews, be ing a corruption from the Hebrew word "shetar," a covenant. By an ordinance of Richard I., no starr was allowed to be valid, unless deposited in one of certain repositories established by law, the most considerable of which was in the king's exchequer at West minster ; and Blackstone conjectures that the room in which these chests were kept was thence called the "starr-chamber." 4 Bl. Comm. 266, 267, note o. Stat pro ratione voluntas. The will stands In place of a reason. Sears v. Shafer, 1 Barb. (N. Y.) 408, 411; Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. v. Hunt, 16 Barb. (N. Y.) 514, 525. Stat pro ratione voluntas populi. The will of the people stands in place of a reason. People v. Draper, 25 Barb. (N. Y.) 344, 376. STATE, v. To express the particulars of a thing in writing or in words; to set down or set forth in detail. To set down in gross; to mention In gen eral terms, or by way of reference; to refer. Utica v. Richardson, 6 Hill (N. Y.) 300. STATE, ». A body politic, or society of men, united together for the purpose of pro moting their mutual safety and advantage, by the joint efforts of their combined strength. Cooley, Const. Lim. 1. One of the component commonwealths or states of the United States of America. The people of a state, in their collective capacity, considered as the party wronged by a criminal deed; the public; as in the title of a cause, "The State vs. A. B." The section of territory occupied by one of the United States. —Foreign state. A foreign country or nation. The several United States are considered "for eign" to each other except as regards their re lations as common members of the Union.— State's evidence. See EVIDENCE.—State officers. Those whose duties concern the state at large or the general public, or who are au thorized to exercise their official functions throughout the entire state, without limitation to any political subdivision of the stare. Jo. another sense, officers belonging to or exercising authority under one of the states of the Union, as distinguished from the officers of the United States. See In re Police Com'rs, 22 R, I. 654, 49 Atl. 36; State v. Burns, 38 Fla. 378, 21 South. 290; People v. Nixon, 158 N. Y. 221, 52 N. E. 1117.—State paper. A document pre pared by, or relating to, the political department of the government of a state or nation, and con cerning or affecting the administration of its government or its political or international re lations. Also, a newspaper, designated by pub lic authority, as the organ for the publication of public statutes, resolutions, notices, and ad vertisements.—State tax. A tax the proceeds of which are to be devoted to the expenses of .the state, as distinguished from taxation for lo cal or municipal purposes. See Youngblood v. Sexton, 32 Mich. 413, 20 Am. Rep. 654; State v. Auditor of State, 15 Ohio St. 482.—State trial. A trial for a political offense.—State Trials. A work in thirty-three volumes octavo, containing all English trials for offenses against