KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

1083

SHIN-PLASTER

SHERIFF

court is the court-baron; for out of this, for the ease of the sheriff, was taken the court-leet or view of frank-pledge. 4 Bl. Comm. 273. SHERIFFALTY. The time of a man's being sheriff. Cowell. The term of a sher iffs office. SHERIFFWICK. The jurisdiction of a sheriff. Called, in modern law, "bailiwick." The office of a sheriff. SHERRERIE. A word used by the au thorities of the Soman Church, to specify contemptuously the technical parts of the law, as administered by non-clerical lawyers. Wharton. SHEWER. tn the practice of the English high court, when a view by a jury is ordered, persons are named by the court to show the property to be viewed, and are hence called "shewers." There is usually a shewer on behalf of each party. Archb. Pr. 339, et seq. SHEWING. In English law. To be quit of attachment in a court, in plaints shewed and not avowed. Obsolete. SHIFTING. Changing; varying; pass ing from one person to another by substitu tion. "Shifting the burden of proof" is transferring it from one party to the other, or from one side of the case to the other, when he upon whom it rested originally has made out a prima facie case or defense by evidence, of such a character that it then becomes incumbent upon the other to rebut it by contradictory or defensive evidence. —Shifting clause. A shifting clause in a settlement is a clause by which some other mode of devolution is substituted for that pri marily prescribed. Examples of shafting claus es are: The ordinary name and arms clause, and the clause of less frequent occurrence by which a settled estate is destined as the founda tion of a second family, in the event of the elder branch becoming otherwise enriched. These shifting clauses take effect under the statute of uses. Sweet.— Shifting risk. In insurance, a risk created by a contract of in surance on a stock of merchandise, or other sim ilar property, which is kept for sale, or is sub ject to change in items by purchase and sale; the policy being conditioned to cover the goods in the stock at any and all times and not to be affected by changes in its composition. Far mers', etc., Ins. Ass'n v. Kryder, 5 Ind. App. 430, 31 N. E. 851, 51 Am. St. Rep. 284— Shifting severalty. See SEVERALTY.— Shifting use. See USE. SHILLING. In English law. The name of an English coin, of the value of one twentieth part of a pound. This denomina tion of money was also used in America, in colonial times, but was not everywhere of uniform value. SHIN-PLASTER. Formerly, a jocose term for a bank-note greatly depreciated in value; also for paper money of a denomina-

His principal duties are In aid of the crim inal courts and civil courts of record; such as serving process, summoning juries, ex ecuting judgments, holding judicial sales, and the like. He is also the chief conserva tor of the peace within his territorial juris diction. See State v. Finn, 4 Mo. App. 352; Com. v. Martin, 9 Kulp (Pa.) 69; In re Ex ecutive Communication, 13 Fla. 687; Pearce v. Stephens, 18 App. Div. 101, 45 N. T. Supp. 422; Denson v. Sledge, 13 N. C. 140; Hoc kett v. Alston, 110 Fed. 912, 49 C. C. A. 180. In English law. The sheriff is the prin cipal officer in every county, and has the transacting of the public business of the county. He is an officer of great antiquity, and was also called the "shire-reeve," "reeve," or "bailiff." He is called in Latin "vice comes," as being the deputy of the earl or comes, to whom anciently the custody of the shire was committed. The duties of the sheriff principally consist in executing writs, precepts, warrants from justices of the peace for the apprehension of offenders, etc. Brown. In Scotch law. The office of sheriff dif fers somewhat from the same office under the English law, being, from ancient times, an office of important judicial power, as well as ministerial. The sheriff exercises a juris diction of considerable extent, both of civil and criminal character, which is, in a proper sense, judicial, in addition to powers resem bling those of an English sheriff. Tomlins; Bell. —Deputy sheriff. See DEPUTY.— High sheriff. One holding the office of sheriff, as distinguished from his deputies or assistants or under sheriffs.— Pocket sheriff. In English law. A sheriff appointed by the sole authority of the crown, without the usual form of nom ination by the judges in the exchequer. 1 Bl. Coram. 342; 3 Steph. Comin. 23.— Sheriff clerk. The clerk of the sheriff's court in Scot land.— Sheriff depute. In Scotch law. The principal sheriff of a county, who is also a judge.— Sheriff-geld. A rent formerly paid by a sheriff, and it is prayed that the sheriff in his account may be discharged thereof. Rot. Pari. SO Edw. III.— Sheriff-tooth. In English law. A tenure by the service of providing entertain ment for the sheriff at his county-courts; a common tax, formerly levied for the sheriff's diet. Wharton.— Sheriff's court. The court held before the sheriff's deputy, that is, the un der-sheriff, and wherein actions are brought for recovery of debts under £20. Writs of inquiry are also brought here to be executed. The sher iff's court for the county of Middlesex is that wherein damages are assessed in proper cases after trial at Westminster. Brown.— Sheriff's jury. In practice. A jury composed of no de terminate number, but which may be more or less than twelve, summoned by the sheriff for the purposes of an inquisition or inquest of of fice. 3 Bl. Comm. 258.— Sheriff's officers. Bailiffs, who are either bailiffs of hundreds or bound-bailiffs.— Sheriff's sale. See SALE.— Sheriff's tourn. A court of record in Eng land, held twice every year, within a month aft er Easter and Michaelmas, before the sheriff, in different parts of the county. It is, indeed, only the turn or rotation of the sheriff to keep a court-leet in each respective hundred. It is the great oourt-leet of the county, as the county