KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

1055

SALVAGE

8ANIS

In such a case, the person making the last ad vance is frequently entitled to priority over the others, on the ground that, without his advance, the property would have been lost altogether. This right, which is sometimes called that of "equitable salvage," and is in the nature of a lien, is chiefly of importance with reference to payments made to prevent leases or policies of insurance from being forfeited, or to prevent mines and similar undertakings from being stopped or injured. See 1 Fish. Mortg. 149; 3 Ch. Div. 411; L. R. 14 Eq. 4; 7 Ch. Div. 825. —Salvage charges. This term includes all the expenses and costs incurred in the work of saving and preserving the property which was in danger. The salvage charges ultimately fall upon the insurers.—Salvage loss. See Loss. —Salvage service. In maritime law. Any service rendered in saving property on the sea, or wrecked on the coast of the sea. The Emu lous, 1 Sumn. 210, Fed. Cas. No. 4,480. SAIIVO. Lat Saving; excepting; with out prejudice to. Salvo me et hceredibus meis, except me and my heirs. Salvo jure cujuslibet, without prejudice to the rights of any one. SALVOR. A person who, without any particular relation to a ship in distress, prof fers useful service, and gives it as a volun teer adventurer, without any pre-existing covenant that connected him with the duty of employing himself for the preservation of that ship. The Clara, 23 Wall. 16, 23 L. Ed. 150; The Dumper, 129 Fed. 99, 63 C. C. A. 600; Central Stockyard Co. v. Mears, 89 App. Div. 452, 85 N. Y. Supp. 795. SALVUS PLEGIUS. L. Lat A safe pledge; called, also, "certus plegius," a sure pledge. Bract fol. 160&. SAME. The word "same" does not al ways mean "identical," not different or other. It frequently means of the kind or species, not the specific thing. Crapo v. Brown, 40 Iowa, 487, 493. SAMPLE. A specimen; a small quantity ©f any commodity, presented for inspection or examination as evidence of the quality of the whole; as a sample of cloth or of wheat —Sample, sale by. A sale at which only a •ample of the goods sold is exhibited to the buy er. SAS2E MENTIS. Lat In old English law. Of sound mind. Fleta, lib. 8, c. 7, § 1. SANCTIO. Lat In the civil law. That part of a law by which a penalty was or dained against those who should violate it Inst 2, 1, 10. SANCTION. In the original sense of the word, a "sanction" is a penalty or punish ment provided as a means of enforcing obe dience to a law. In jurisprudence, a law is SAXVIAN INTERDICT. See INTEB DICTTJM SALVIANTJM.

said to have a sanction when there is a state which will intervene if it is disobeyed or dis regarded. Therefore international law has no legal sanction. Sweet In a more general sense, a "sanction" has been defined as a conditional evil annexed to a law to produce obedience to that law; and, in a still wilder sense, a "sanction" means simply an authorization of anything. Occa sionally, "sanction" is used (e. g., in Roman law) to denote a statute, the part (penal clause) being used to denote the whole. Brown. The vindicatory part of a law, or that part which ordains or denounces a penalty for its violation. 1 Bl. Comm. 56. SANCTUARY. In old English law. A consecrated place which had certain privi leges annexed to it, and to which offenders were accustomed to resort for refuge, be cause they could not be arrested there, nor the laws be executed. SAND-GAVEL. In old English law. A payment due to the lord of the manor of Rodley, In the county of Gloucester, for lib erty granted to the tenants to dig sand for their common use. Cowell. SANE. Of natural and normal mental condition; healthy in mind. —Sane memory. Sound mind, memory, and understanding. This is one of the essential ele ments in the capacity of contracting; and the absence of it in lunatics and idiots, and its im maturity in infants, is the cause of their respec tive incapacities or partial incapacities to bind themselves. The like circumstance is their ground of exemption in cases of crime. Brown. SANG, or SANC. In old French. Blood. SANGUINE, or MURREY. An heraldic term for "blood-color," called, in the arms of princes, "dragon's tail," and, in those of lords, "sardonyx." It is^a tincture of very infrequent occurrence, and not recognized by some writers. In engraving, it is denoted by numerous lines in saltire. Wharton. SANGUINEM EMERE. Lat In feudal law. A redemption by villeins, of their blood or tenure, in order to become freemen. Sanguinis conjunctio benevolentia de vincit homines et caritate. A tie of blood overcomes men through benevolence and family affection. Steere v. Steere, 5 Johns. Ch. (N. Y.) 1, 13, 9 Am. Dec. 256. SANGUIS. Lat In the civil and old English law. Blood; consanguinity. The right or power which the chief lord of the fee had to judge and determine cases where blood was shed. Mon. Aug. t i. 1021. SANIS. A kind of punishment among the Greeks; inflicted by binding the male factor fast to a piece of wood. Enc. Lond.