KFLCC Kingdom Law 2nd Ed.

ROD KNIGHTS

1043

ROAD

ROBBER. One who commits a robbery. The term is not in law synonymous with "thief," but applies only to one who steals with force or open violence. See De Roths child v. Royal Mail Steam Packet Co., 7 Exch. 742; The Manitoba

County, 10 Iowa, 175; Com. v. Gammons, 23 Pick. (Mass.) 202; Hutson v. New York, 5 Sandf. (N. Y.) 312; Stedman v. South bridge, 17 Pick. (Mass.) 164; Horner v. State, 49 Md. 283; Northwestern Tel. Exch. Co. r. Minneapolis, 81 Minn. 140, 86 N. W. 69, 53 L. R. A. 175; Hart v. Town of Red Cedar, 63 Wis. 634, 24 N. W. 410. In maritime law. An open passage of the sea that receives its denomination common ly frdm some part adjacent, which, though it lie out at sea, yet, in respect of the situa tion of the land adjacent, and the depth and wideness of the place, is a safe place for the common riding or anchoring of ships; as Dover road, Kirkley road, etc. Hale de Jure Mar. pt 2, c. 2. — Ijaw of the road. See LAW. —Private road. This term has various meanings: (1) A road, the soil of which belongs to the owner of the land which it traverses, but which is bur dened with a right of way. Morgan v. Living ston, 6 Mart. O. S. (La.) 231. (2) A neighbor hood way, not commonly used by others than tiie people of the neighborhood, though it may be used by any one having occasion. State v. Mobley, 1 McMul. (S. C.) 44. (3) A road in tended for the use of one or more private in dividuals, and not wanted nor intended for gen eral public use, which may be opened across the lands of other persons by statutory authori ty in some states. Witham v. XDsburn, 4 Or. 318, 18 Am. Rep. 287; Sherman v. Buick, 32 Cal. 252, 91 Am. Dec. 577; Madera County v. Raymond Granite Co., 139 Cal. 128, 72 Pac. 915. (4) A. road which is only open for the benefit of certain individuals to go from and to their homes for the service of their lands and for the use of some estates exclusively. Civ. Code La. 1900, art. 706.—Public road. A highway; a road or way established and adopt ed (or accepted as a dedication) by the proper authorities for the use of the general public, and over which every person has a right to pass and to use it for all purposes of travel or transportation to which it is adapted and de voted. Cincinnati R. Co. r. Com., 80 Ky. 138; Shelby County v. Castetter, 7 Ind. App. 309, 33 N. El 986; Abbott v. Duluth (C. C.) 104 Fed. 837; Heninger v. Peery, 102 Va. 896, 47 S. E. 1013.—Road districts. Public or quasi munici pal corporations organized or authorized by stat utory authority in many of the states for the spe cial purpose of establishing, maintaining, and caring for public roads and highways within their limits, sometimes invested with powers of local taxation, and generally having elective officers styled "overseers" or commissioners" of roads. See Farmer v.' Myles, 106 La. 333, 30 South. 858; San Bernardino County v. Southern Pac. R, Co., 137 Cal. 659, 70 Pac 782; Madden v. Lancaster County, 65 Fed. 191, 12 C. C. A. 066.—Road tax. A tax for the maintenance and repair of the public roads within the par ticular jurisdiction, levied either in money or in the form of so many days' labor on the pub lic roads exacted of all the inhabitants of the district. See Lewin v. State, 77 Ala. 46. In maritime law. A known general station for ships, notoriously used as such, and distinguished by the name; and not any spot where an anchor will find bottom and fix itself. 1 C. Rob. Adm. 232. ROBBATOR. In old English law. A robber. Robtotores et iurglatores, robbers and burglars. Bract fol. 1156. ROADSTEAD.