Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

PROSPECTUS

PROTEST

957

wife's property, when the husband has will fully deserted her, issuable by the divorce court under statutes on that subject. PROTECTIONIBUS DE. The English statute 33 Edw. I. St. 1, allowing a challenge to be entered against a protection, etc. PROTECTIVE TARIFF. A law im posing duties on imports, with the puipose and the effect of discouraging the use of prod ucts of foreign origin, and consequently of stimulating the home production of the same or equivalent articles. R. E. Thompson, in Enc. Brit. PROTECTOR OF SETTLEMENT. In English law. By the statute 3 & 4 Wm. IV. c. 74, § 32, power is given to any settlor to appoint any person or persons, not exceed ing three, the "protector of the settlement." The object of such appointment is to prevent the tenant in tail from barring any subse quent estate, the consent of the protector be ing made necessary for that purpose. PROTECTORATE. (1) Theperiod dur ing which Oliver Cromwell ruled in England. (2) Also the office of protector. (3) The re lation of the English sovereign, till the year 1864, to the Ionian Islands. Wharton. PROTEST. 1. A formal declaration made by a person interested or concerned in some act about to be done, or already per formed, and in relation thereto, whereby he expresses his dissent or disapproval, or affirms the act to be done against his will or convic tions, the object being generally to save some right which would be lost to him if his im plied assent could be made out, or to exoner ate himself from some responsibility which would attach to him unless he expressly neg atived his assent to or voluntary participa tion in the act. 2. A notarial act, being a formal state ment in writing made by a notary under his seal of office, at the request of the holder of a bill or note, in which such bill or note is de sciibed, and it is declared that the same was on a certain day presented for payment, (or acceptance, as the case may be,) and thai; such payment or acceptance was refused, and stating the reasons, if any, given for such refusal, whereupon the notary protests against all parties to such instrument, and declares that they will be held responsible for all loss or damage arising from its dishonor. A formal notarial certificate attesting the dis honor of a bill of exchange or promissory note. Benj. Chalm. Bills & N. art. 176. A solemn declaration written by the notary, un -

England, of bonds or other securities by a for eign state or corporation. Sweet. In the civil law. Prospect; the view of external objects. Dig. 8, 2, 3, 15. PROSTITUTE. A woman who indis criminately consorts with men for hire. PROSTITUTION. Common lewdness; whoredom; the act or practice of a woman who permits any man who will pay her price to have sexual intercourse with her. See 12 Mete. (Mass.) 97. Protectio trah.it subjectionem, et sub jectio protectionem. Protection draws with it subjection, and subjection protection. 7 Coke, ha. The protection of an individual by government is on condition of his submis sion to the laws, and such submission on the other hand entitles the individual to the pro tection of the government. Broom, Max. 78. PROTECTION. In English law. A writ by which the king might, by a special prerogative, privilege a defendant from all personal and many real suits for one year at a time, and no longer, in respect of his be ing engaged in his service out of the realm. 8 Bl. Comm. 289. In former times the name "protection" was also given to a certificate given to a sail or to show that he was exempt from impress ment into the royal navy. In mercantile law. The name of a doc ument generally given by notaries public to sailors and other persons going abroad, in which it is certified that the bearer therein named is a citizen of the United States. In public commercial law. A system by which a government imposes customs duties upon commodities of foreign origin or manufacture when imported into the coun try, with the purpose and effect of stimulating and developing the home production of the same or equivalent articles, by discouraging the importation of foreign goods, or by rais ing the price of foreign commodities to a point at which the home producers can suc cessfully compete with them. PROTECTION OF INVENTIONS ACT. The statute 33 & 34 Viet. c. 27. By this act it is provided that the exhibition of new inventions shall not prejudice patent rights, and that the exhibition of designs shall not prejudice the right to registration of such de-signs. PROTECTION ORDER. In English practice. An order for the protection of the

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