Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

MUNICIPAL BONDS

793

MULTIPUCATA, ETC.

the body to a continuously cold and dry at mosphere. 15 Amer. & Eng. Enc. Law, 261. MUMMING. Antic diversions in the Christmas holidays, suppressed in Queen Anne's time. MUND. In old English law. Peace;, whence mundbryc, a breach of the peace. MUNDBYBD, MUNDEBURDE. A receiving into favor and protection. Cowell. MUNDIUM. In old French law. A trib ute paid by a church or monastery to their seignorial avouis and vidames, as the price of protecting them. Steph. Lect. 236. MUNERA. In the early ages of the feud al law, this was the name given to the grants of land made by a king or chieftain to his followers, which were held by no certain tenure, but merely at the will of the lord. Afterwards they became life-estates, and then hereditary,and were called first "benefices," and then "feuds." See Wright, Ten. 19. MUNICEPS. In Roman law. A pro vincial person; a countryman. This was the designation of one born in the provinces or in a city politically connected with Rome, and who, having become a Roman citizen, was entitled to hold any offices at Rome ex cept some of the highest. In the provinces the term seems to have been applied to the freemen of any city who were eligible to the municipal offices. Calvin. MUNICIPAL. "Municipal" signifies that which belongs to a corporation or a city. The term includes the rules or laws by which a particular district, community, or nation is governed. It may also mean local, partic ular, independent. 43 Ala. 598. "Municipal," in one of its meanings, is used in opposition to "international," and denotes that which pertains or belongs properly to an individ ual state or separate community, as distinguished from that which is common to, or observed be tween, all nations. Thus, piracy is an "interna tional offense," and is denounced by "international law," but smuggling is a "municipal offense," and cognizable by "municipal law." MUNICIPAL AID. A contribution or assistance granted by a municipal corpora tion towards the execution or progress of some enterprise, undertaken by private par ties, but likely to be of benefit to the munici pality; e.g.,0. railroad. MUNICIPAL BONDS. Negotiable bonds issued by a municipal corporation, to* secure its indebtedness.

plicity and indistinctness produce confusion; and questions, the more simple they are, the more lucid. Multiplicata transgressione orescat pcenee inflictio. As transgression is multi plied, the infliction of punishment should in crease. 2 Inst. 479. MULTIPLICITY. A state of being many. That quality of a pleading which involves a variety of matters or particulars; undue variety. 2 Saund. 410. A multiply ing or increasing. Story, Eq. PI. § 287. MULTIPLICITY OF ACTIONS. A phrase descriptive of the state of affairs where several different suits or actions are brought upon the same issue. It is obviated in equity by a bill of peace; in courts of law, by a rule of court for the consolidation of different actions. MULTITUDE. An assemblage of many people. According to Coke it is not a word of very precise meaning; for some authori ties hold that there must be at least ten per sons to make a multitude, while others main tain that no definite number is fixed by law. Co. Litt. 257. Mnltitudinem decem faciunt. Co. Litt. 257. Ten make a multitude. Multitudo errantium non parit errori patrooinum. The multitude of those who err furnishes no countenance or excuse for error. 11 Coke, 75a. It is no excuse for error that it is entertained by numbers. Multitudo imperitorum perdit curiam. The great number of unskillful practitioners ruins a court. 2 Inst. 219. MULTO. In old records. A wether sheep. Multo utilius est pauca idonea effun dere quam multis inutilibus homines gravari. 4 Coke, 20. It is more useful to pour forth a few useful things than to op press men with many useless things. MULTURE. In Scotch law. The quan tity of grain or meal payable to the proprie tor of a mill, or to the multurer, his tacks man, for manufacturing the corns. Ersk. Inst. 2, 9, 19. MUMMIFICATION. In medical juris prudence. A term applied to the complete drying up of the body. It is the result of burial in a dry, hot soil, or the exposure of

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