Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

INVENTOR

642

INTRINSIC VALUE

INVADIATUS. One who is trader pledge; one who has had sureties or pledges given for him. Spelman. INVALID. Vain; inadequate to its pur pose; not of binding force or legal efficacy; lacking in authority or obligation. INVASION. An encroachment upon the rights of another; the incursion of an army for conquest or plunder. Webster. INVASIONES. The inquisition of ser jeanties and knights' fees. Cowell. INVECTA ET ILLATA. Lat. In the civil law. Things carried in and brought in. Articles brought into a hired tenement by the hirer or tenant, and which became or were pledged to the lessor as security for the rent. Dig. 2,14, 4, pr. The phrase is adopted in Scotch law. See Bell. Inveniens libellum famosum et non corrumpens punitur. He whofindsa libel and does not destroy it is punished. Moore, 813. INVENT. To find out something new; to devise, contrive, and produce something not previously known or existing, by the ex ercise of independent investigation and ex periment; particularly applied to machines, mechanical appliances, compositions, and pat entable inventions of every sort. INVENTIO. In the civil law. Find ing; one of the modes of acquiring title to property by occupancy. Heinecc. lib. 2, tit. 1, § 350. In old English law. A thing found; as goods, or treasure-trove. Cowell. The plural, "inventiones," is also used. INVENTION. In patent law. The act or operation of finding out something new; the process of contriving and producing something not previously known or existing, by the exercise of independent investigation and experiment. Also the article or contriv ance or composition so invented. An " invention " differs from a " discovery." The former term is properly applicable to the contriv ance and production of something that did not be fore exist; while discovery denotes the bringing into knowledge and use of something which, al though it existed, was before unknown. Thus, we speak of the "discovery "of the properties of light, electricity, etc., while the telescope and the elec tric motor are the results of the process of "inven tion. » INVENTOR. One who finds out or con trives some new thing; one who devises some new art, manufacture, mechanical appliance,

INTRINSIC VALUE. The intrinsic value of a thing is its true, inherent, and es lential value, not depending upon accident, place, or person, but the same everywhere and to every one. 5 Ired. 698. INTRODUCTION. The part of a writ ing which sets forth preliminary matter, or facts tending to explain the subject. INTROMISSION. In Scotch law. The assumption of authority over another's prop erty, either legally or illegally. The irregu lar intermeddling with the effects of a de ceased person, which subjects the party to the whole debts of the deceased, is called "vitious intromission." Kames, Eq. b. 3, c. 8, § 2. INTROMISSIONS. Dealings in stock, goods, or cash of a principal coming into the hands of his agent, to be accounted for by the agent to his principal. 29 Eug. Law & Eq. 391. INTRONISATION. In French eccle siastical law. Enthronement. The installa tion of a bishop in his episcopal see. INTRUDER. A stranger who, on the death of the ancestor, enters on the land, un lawfully, before the heir can enter. INTRUSION. A species of injury by ouster or amotion of possession from the free hold, being an entry of a stranger, after a particular estate of freehold is determined, before him in remainder or reversion. The name of a writ brought by the owner of a fee-simple, etc., against an intruder. New Nat. Brev. 453. Abolished by 3 & 4 Wm. IV. c. 57. INTUITUS. A view; regard; contem plation. Diverso intuitu, (g.v.,) with a dif ferent view. INUNDATION. The overflow of waters by coming out of their bed. INURE. To take effect; to result. INUREMENT. Use; user; service to the use or benefit of a person. 100 U. S. 583. Inutilis labor et sine fruetu non est effectus legis. Useless and fruitless labor is not the effect of law. Co. Litt. 1276. The law forbids such recoveries whose ends are vain, chargeable, and unprofitable. Id; Wing. Max. p. 110, max. 38. INVADIARE. To pledge or mortgage lands. INVADIATIO. A pledge or mortgage.

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