Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

FOY

515

FRANX-ALMOIGNE

to be a libel, and of the sense ascribed to it in the indictment. "Wharton. FOY. L. Fr. Faith; allegiance; fidelity. FRACTIO. A breaking; division; frac tion ; a portion of a thing less than the whole. FRACTION. A breaking, or breaking up; a fragment or broken part; a poition of a thing, less than the whole. FRACTION OF A DAY. A portion o^ a day. The dividing a day. Generally, the law does not allow the fraction of a day. 2 Bl. Comm. 141. Fractionem diei non recipit lex. Lofft, 572. The law does not take notice of a por tion of a day. FRACTITIUM. Arable land. Mon. Angl. FRACTURA NAVIUM. The breaking or wreck of ships; the same as navfragium, ( 9 . v.) FRAIS. Fr. Expense; charges; costs. Frais d'un proces, costs of a suit. FRAIS DE JUSTICE. In French and Canadian law. Costs incurred incidentally to the action. FRAIS JUSQTFA BORD. Fr. In French commercial law. Expenses to the board; expenses incurred on a shipment of goods, in packing, cartage, commissions, etc., up to the point where they are actually put on board the vessel. 16 Fed. Rep. 336. FRANC. A French coin of the value of a little over eighteen cents. FRANC ALEU. In French feudal law. An allod; a free inheritance; or an estate held free of any services except such as were due to the sovereign. FRANCHILANUS. A freeman. Chart. Hen. IV. A free tenant. Spelman. FRANCHISE. A special privilege con ferred by government upon an individual, and which does not belong to the citizens of the country generally, of common right. It is essential to the character of a franchise that it should be a grant from the sovereign authority, and in this country no franchise can be held which is not derived from a law of the state. See Ang. & A. Corp. § 104; 3 Kent, Comm. 458; 2 Bl. Comm. 37. In England, a franchise is denned to be a royal privilege in the hands of a subject. In this country, it is a privilege of a pub

lic nature, which cannot be exercised with out a legislative grant. 45 Mo. 17. A franchise is a privilege or immunity of a pub lic nature, which cannot be legally exercised with out legislative grant. To be a corporation is a franchise. The various powers conferred on cor porations are franchises. The execution of a pol icy of insurance by an insurance company, and the issuing a bank-note by an incorporated bank, are franchises. 15 Johns. 387. The word "franchise"has various significations, both in a legal and popular sense. A corporation is itself a franchise belonging to tne members of the corporation, and the corporation, itself a fran chise, may hold other franchises. So, also, the different powers of a corporation, such as the right to hold and dispose of property, are its franchises. In a popular sense, the political rights of subjects and citizens are franchises, such as the right of suffrage, etc. 32 N. H. 484. The term "franchise" has several significations, and there is some confusion in its use. When used with reference to corporations, the better opinion, deduced from the authorities, seems to be that it consists of the entire privileges embraced in and constituting the grant. It does not embrace the property acquired by the exercise of the franchise. 36 Conn 255. The term is also used, in a popular sense, to denote a political right or privilege belong ing to a free citizen; as the "elective fran chise." FRANCIA. France. Bract, fol. 4276. FRANCIGENA. A man born in France. A designation formerly given to aliens in England. FRANCUS. Free; a freeman; a Frank. Spelman. F R A N C U S BANCUS. Free bench, (

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