Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

1141

SUB CUI IN VITA

SUPPRESSIO VERI, ETC.

superior courts of law, equity, admiralty, probate, and divorce, existing when the act was passed, including the court of appeal in chancery and bankruptcy, and the exchequer chamber. It consists of two permanent divisions, viz., a court of original jurisdic tion, called the "high court of justice," and a court of appellate jurisdiction, called the "court of appeal." Its title of "su preme" is now a misnomer, as the superior appellate jurisdiction of the house of lords and privy council, which was originally in tended to be transferred to it, has been al lowed to remain. Sweet. SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES. The court of last resort in the federal judicial system. It is vested by the constitution with original jurisdiction in all cases affecting ambassadors, public ministers, and consuls, and those in which a state is a party, and appellate jurisdiction over all other cases within the judicial power of the United States, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as congress may make. Its appellate powers extend to the subordinate federal courts, and also (in certain cases) to the supreme courts of the several states. The court is composed of a chief justice and eight associate justices. SUPREME JUDICIAL COURT. In American law. An appellate tribunal, and the court of last resort, in the states of Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. SUPREME POWER. The highest au thority in a state, all other powers in it being inferior thereto. SUPREMUS. Lat. Last; the last. Supremus est quern nemo sequitur. He is last whom no one follows. Dig. 50,16, 92. SUR. Fr. On; upon; over. In the titles of real actions u sur" was used to point out what the writ was founded upon. Thus, a real action brought by the owner of a rever sion or seigniory, in certain cases where his tenant repudiated his tenure, was called "a writ of right sur disclaimer." So, a writ of entry sur disseisin was a real action to re cover the possession of land from a disseisor. Sweet. SUR CUI ANTE DIVORTIUM. Cui ANTE DIVORTIUM. See SUR CUI IN VITA. A writ that lay for the heir of a woman whose husband had aliened her land in fee. and she had omitted

Puppressio verl, suggestio falsi. Sup pression of the truth is [equivalent to] the suggestion of what is false. 23 Barb. 521, 525. SUPRA Lat. Above; upon. This word occurring by itself in a book refers the reader to a previous part of the book, like "ante;" it is also the initial word of several Latin phrases. SUPRA PROTEST. In mercantile law. A term applied to an acceptance of a bill by a third person, after protest for non-accept ance by the drawee. 3 Kent, Comm. 87. SUPRA-RIPARIAN. Upper riparian; higher up the stream. This term is applied to the estate, rights, or duties of a riparian proprietor whose lana is situated at a point nearer the source of the stream than the es tate with which it is compared. Suprema potestas seipsam dissolvere potest. Supreme power can dissolve itself. Bac. Max. SUPREMACY. The state of being su preme, or in the highest station of power; paramount authority; sovereignty; sover eign power. SUPREMACY, ACT OF. The English statute 1 Eliz. c. 1, whereby the supremacy and autonomy of the crown in spiritual or ecclesiastical matters was declared and estab lished. SUPREMACY, OATH OP. An oath to uphold the supreme power of the kingdom of England in the person of the reigning sov ereign. SUPREME COURT. A court of high powers and extensive jurisdiction, existing in most of the states. In some it is the offi cial style of the chief appellate court or court of last resort. In others (as New Jersey and New York) the supreme court is a court of general original jurisdiction, possessing also (in New York) some appellate jurisdic tion, but not the court of last resort. SUPREME COURT OF ERRORS. In American law. An appellate tribunal, and the court of last resort, in the state of Connecticut. SUPREME COURT OF JUDICA TURE. The court formed by the English Judicature act, 1873, (as modified by the judicature act, 1875, the appellate jurisdic tion act, 1876, and the judicature acts of 1877, J879, and 1881,) in substitution for the various

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