Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

SUPERIOR COURTS

1139 SUPPLEMENTAL ANSWER

SUPERIOR COURTS. In English law. The courts of the highest and most extensive jurisdiction, viz., the court of chancery and the three courts of common law, i. e., the queen's bench, the common pleas, and the exchequer, which sit at West minster, were commonly thus denominated. But these courts are now united in the su preme court of judicature. In American law. Courts of general or extensive jurisdiction, as distinguished from the inferior courts. As the official style of a tribunal, the term "superior court" bears a different meaning in different states. In some it is a court of intermediate jurisdic tion between the trial courts and the chief appellate court; elsewhere it is the designa tion of the ordinary nisi priiis courts; in Delaware it is the court of last resort. SUPERIORITY. In Scotch law. The dominium directum of lands, without the profit. 1 Forb. Inst. pt. 2, p. 97. SUPERNUMERARY Lat. In Ro man law. Advocates who were not regis tered or enrolled and did not belong to the college of advocates. They were not at tached to any local jurisdiction. See STA TUTI. SUPERONERATIO. Surcharging a common; i. e., putting in beasts of a num ber or kind other than the right of common allows. SUPERONERATIONE PASTURE. A judicial writ that lay against him who was impleaded in the county court for the surcharge of a common with his cattle, in a case where he was formerly impleaded for it in the same court, and the cause was re moved into one of the superior courts. SUPERPLUSAGIUM. In old English law. Overplus; surplus; residue or balance. Bract, fol. 301; Spelman. SUPERSEDE. To annul; to stay; to sus pend. Thus, it is said that the proceedings of outlawry may be superseded by the entry of appearance before the return of the exigent, or that the court would supersede a fiat in bankruptcy, if found to have been improper ly issued. Brown. SUPERSEDEAS. Lat. In practice. A writ ordering the suspension or superseding of another writ previously issued. It directs the officer to whom it is issued to refrain from executing or acting under another writ which is in his hands or may come to him. *

By a conventional extension of the term It has come to be used as a designation of the effect of any proceeding or act in a cause which, of its own force, causes a suspension or stay of proceedings. Thus, when we say that a writ of error is a supersedeas, we merely mean that it has the same effect, of suspending proceedings in the court below, which would have been produced by a wnt of SUPERSTITIOUS USE. In English law. When lands, tenements, rents, goods, or chattels are given, secured, or appointed for and towards the maintenance of a priest or chaplain to say mass, for the maintenance of a priest or other man to pray for the soul of any dead man in such a church or else where, to have and maintain perpetual obits, lamps, torches, etc., to be used at certain times to help to save the souls of men out of purgatory,—in such cases the king, by force of several statutes, is authorized to direct and appoint all such uses to such purposes as are truly charitable. Bac. Abr. "Charitable Uses." SUPERVISOR. A surveyor or overseer; a highway officer. Also, in some states, the chief officer of a town; one of aboard of county officers. SUPERVISORS OF ELECTION. Per sons appointed and commissioned by the judge of the circuit court of the United States in cities or towns of over 20,000 inhabitants upon the written application of two citizens, or in any county or parish of any congres sional district upon that of ten citizens, to attend at all times and places fixed for the registration of voters for representatives and delegates in congress, and supervise the leg istry and mark the list of voters is such man ner as will in their judgment detect and ex pose the improper removal or addition of any name. Rev. St. U. S. § 2011, et seq. SUPPLEMENT, LETTERS OF. In Scotch practice. A process by which a party not residing within the jurisdiction of an in ferior court may be cited to appear before it. Bell. SUPPLEMENTAL. Something added to supply defects in the thing to which it is added, or in aid of which it is made. SUPPLEMENTAL AFFIDAVIT. An affidavit made in addition to a previous one, in order to supply some deficiency in it. SUPPLEMENTAL ANSWER. One which was filed in chancery for the purpose

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