Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

ROY POET DISPENSER, ETC.

1052

RULE ABSOLUTE.

ROYALTY. A payment reserved by the grantor of a patent, lease of a mine, or similar right, and payable proportionately to the use made of the right by the grantee. Royalty also sometimes means a payment which is made to an author or composer by an assignee or licensee in respect of each copy of his work which is sold, or to an inventor in respect of each article sold under the pat ent. Sweet. RUBRIC. Directions printed in books of law and in prayer-books, so termed because they were originally distinguished by red ink. RUBRIC OP A STATUTE. Its title, which was anciently printed in red letters. It serves to show the object of the legisla ture, and thence affords the means of inter preting the body of the act; hence the phrase, of an argument, "a rubro ad nigrum." Wharton. R U D E N E S S . Roughness; incivilityj violence. Touching another with rudeness may constitute a battery. RUINA. Lat. In the civil law. Ruin, the falling of a house. Dig. 47, 9. RULE, v. This verb has two significa tions: (1) to command or require by a rule of court; as, to rule the sheriff to return the writ, to rule the defendant to plead. (2) To settle or decide -a point of law arising up on a trial at nisi piius; and, when it is said of a judge presiding at such a trial that he "ruled" so and so, it is meant that he laid down, settled, or decided such and such to be the law. RULE, n. 1. An established standard, guide, or regulation; a principle or regula tion set up by authority, prescribing or di recting action or forbearance; as, the rules of a legislative body, of a company, court, public office, of the law, of ethics. 2. A regulation made by a court of justice or public office with reference to the conduct of business therein. 3. An ordei made by a court, at the instance of one of the parties to a suit, commanding a ministerial officer, or the opposite party, to do some act, or to show cause why some act should not be done. It is usually upon some interlocutory matter, and has not the force or solemnity of a decree or judgment. 4. "Rule" sometimes means a rule of law. Thus, we speak of the rule against perpetui ties; the rule in Shelley's Case, etc. RULE ABSOLUTE. One which com mands the subject-matter of the rule to be

not bound by any statute, unless expressly named. Jenk. Cent. 307; Broom, Max. 72. Boy poet dispenser ove malum pro hibitum, mais non malum per se. Jenk. Cent. 307. The king can grant a dispensa tion for a malum prohibitum, but not for a malum per se. ROYAL ASSENT. The royal assent is the last form through which a bill goes pre viously to becoming an act of parliament. It is, in the words of Lord Hale, "the comple ment and perfection of a law." The royal assent is given either by the queen in person or by loyal commission by the queen herself, signed with her own hand. It is rarely given in person, except when at the end of the ses sion the queen attends to prorogue parlia ment, if she should do so. Brown. ROYAL BURGHS. Boroughs incorpo rated in Scotland by royal charter. Bell. ROYAL COURTS OP JUSTICE. Un der the statute 42 & 43 Viet. c. 78, § 28, this is the name given to the buildings, together with all additions thereto, erected under the courts of justice building act, 1865, (28 & 29 Viet. c. 43,) and courts of justice concentra tion (site) act, 1865, (28 & 29 Viet. c. 49.) Brown. ROYAL FISH. Whale and sturgeon; so called in English law, as belonging to the king by prerogative, when thrown ashore, or caught near the coast. A branch of the king's ordinary revenue. 1 Bl. Comm. 290; 2 Steph. Comm. 554. ROYAL GRANTS. Conveyances of rec ord, in England. They are of two kinds: (1) Letters patent; and (2) letters close, or writs close. 1 Steph. Oomra. 615-618. ROYAL HONORS. In the language of diplomacy, this term designates the privilege enjoyed by every empire or kingdom in Eu rope, by the pope, the grand duchies of Ger many, and the Germanic nnd Swiss confeder ations, to precedence over all others who do not enjoy the same rank, with the exclusive right of sending to other states public minis ters of the first rank, as ambassadors, togeth er with other distinctive titles and ceremo nies. Wheat. Int. Law, pt. 2, c. 3, § 2. ROYAL MINES. Mines of silver and gold belonged to the king of England, as part of his prerogative of coinage, to furnish him with material. 1 Bl. Comm. 294. ROYALTIES. Regalities; royal prop erty.

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