Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

RIDINGS

EIGHT

1044

turn for one year, kept the controlment books of all grants that passed the great seal. The six clerks were superseded by the clerks of records and writs. RIDINGS, (corrupted from trithings.) The names of the parts or divisions of York shire, which, of course, are three only, viz., East Riding, North Biding, and West Rid ing. BIEN. Nothing. It appears in a few law French phrases. RIEN CULP. L. Fr. In old pleading. Not guilty. RIEN DIT. L. Fr. In old pleading. Says nothing, (nil dicit.) RIEN LUY DOIT. L. Fr. In old pleading. Owes him nothing. The plea of nil debet. RIENS EN ARRERE. L. Fr. Noth ing in arrear. A plea in an action of debt for arrearages of account. Co well. RIENS LOUR DETJST. L. Fr. Not their debt. The old form of the plea of nil debet. 2 Reeve, Eng. Law, 332. RIENS PASSA PER LE FAIT. L. Fr. Nothing passed by the deed. A plea by which a party might avoid the operation of a deed, which had been en tolled or ac knowledged in court; the plea of non est factum not being allowed in such case. RIENS PER DISCENT. L. Fr. Nothing by descent. The plea of an heir, where he is sued for his ancestor's debt, and has no land from him by descent, or assets in his hands. Cro. Car. 151; 1 Tidd, Pr. 645; 2 Tidd, Pr. 937. RIER COUNTY. In old English law. After-county; i. e., after the end of the coun ty court. A time and place appointed by the sheriff for the receipt of the king's money after the end of his county, or county court. Cowell. RIFLETUM. A coppice or thicket. Cowell. RIGA. In old European law. A species df service and tribute rendered to their lords by agricultural tenants. Supposed by Spel man to be derived from the name of a cer tain portion of land, called, in England, a "rig" or "ridge," an elevated piece of ground, formed out of several furrows. Bur rill.

RIGGING THE MARKET. A term of the stock-exchange, denoting the practice of inflating the price of given stocks, or en hancing their quoted value, by .a system of pretended purchases, designed to give the air of an unusual demand for such stocks. See L. R. 13 Eq. 447. RIGHT. As a noun, and taken in an ab stract sense, the term means justice, ethical correctness, or consonance with the rules of law or the principles of morals. In this sig nification it answers to one meaning of the Latin "jus," and serves to indicate law'in the abstract, considered as the foundation of all rights, or the complex of underlying mor al principles which impart the chai.tcter of justice to all positive law, or give it an ethi cal content. As a noun, and taken in a concrete sense, a right signifies a power, privilege, faculty, or demand, inherent in one person and inci dent upon another. "Rights" are defined generally as "powers of free action." And the primal rights pertaining to men are un doubtedly enjoyed by human beings purely as such, being giounded in personality, and existing antecedently to their recognition by positive law. But leaving the abstract mor al sphere, and giving to the term a juristic content, a "right" is well defined as "a ca pacity residing in one man of controlling, with the assent and assistance of the state, the actions of others." Holl. Jur. 69. The noun substantive "a right" signifies that which jurists denominate a "faculty;" that which resides in a determinate person, by virtue of a given law, and which avails against a person (or answers to a duty lying on a person) other than the person in whom it resides. And the noun sub stantive "rights" is the plural of the noun substan tive " a right." But the expression " right," when it is used as an adjective, is equivalent to the ad jective "just," as the adverb "rightly" is equiva lent to the adverb "justly." And, when used as the abstract name corresponding to the adjective "right, "the noun substantive "right" is synony mous with the noun substantive "justice." Aust. Jur. § 264, note. In a narrower signification, the word de notes an interest or title in an object of prop erty; a just and legal claim to hold, use, or enjoy it, or to convey or donate it, as he may please. See Co. Litt. 345a. The term "right," in civil society, is defined to mean that which a man is entitled to nave, or to do, or to receive from others within the limits pre scribed by law. 6 Neb. 40. That which one person ought to have or receive from another, it being withheld fi on. him, or not in his possession. In this sense, "right" has the force of "claim," and is prop

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