Blacks Law Dict. 1st ed

98

ARVIL-STJPPEft

ARTICLES OF ROUP

ARTICLES OP ROUP. In Scotch law. The terms and conditions under which prop erty is sold at auction. ARTICLES OP SET. In Scotch law. An agreement for a lease. Paters. Comp. ARTICLES OF THE CLERGY. The title of a statute passed in the ninth year of Edward n. for the purpose of adjusting and settling the great questions of cognizance then existing between the ecclesiastical and temporal courts. 2 Reeve, Hist. Eng. Law, 291-296. ARTICLES OF THE NAVY. A sys tem of rules prescribed by act of parliament for the government of the English navy; also, in the United States, there are articles for the government of the navy. ARTICLES OF THE PEACE. A complaint made or exhibited to a court by a person who makes oath that he is in fear of death or bodily barm from some one who has threatened or attempted to do him injury. The court may thereupon order the person complained of to find sureties for the peace, and, in default, may commit him to prison. 4 Bl. Comm. 255. ARTICLES OF UNION. In English law. Articles agreed to, A. D. 1707, by the parliaments of England and Scotland, for the union of the two kingdoms. They were twenty-five in number. 1 Bl. Comm. 96. ARTICLES OF WAR. Codes framed for the government of a nation's army are commonly thus called. ARTICULATE ADJUDICATION. In Scotch law. Where the creditor holds several distinct debts, a separate adjudication for each claim is thus called. ARTICULATELY. Article by article; by distinct clauses or articles; by separate propositions. ARTICULI. Lat. Articles; items or heads. A term applied to some old English statutes, and occasionally to treatises. ARTICULI CLERI. Articles of the clergy, (q. v.) ARTICULI DE MONETA. Articles concerning money, or the currency. The title of a statute passed in the twentieth year of Edward I. 2 Reeve, Hist. Eng. Law, 228; Crabb, Eng. Law, (Amer. Ed.) 167.

ARTICULI MAGNiE CHARTS. The preliminary articles, forty-nine in number, upon which the Magna Charta was founded. ARTICULI SUPER CHARTAS. Ar ticles upon the charters. The title of a statute passed in the twenty-eighth year of Edward I. st. 3, confirming or enlarging many par ticulars in Magna Charta, and the Charta de Foresta, and appointing a method for en forcing the observance of them, and for the punishment of offenders. 2 Reeve, Hist. Eng. Law, 103, 233. ARTICULO MORTIS. (Or more com monly in articulo mortis.) In the article of death; at the point of death. ARTIFICER. One who buys goods in order to reduce them, by his own art or in dustry, into other forms, and then to sell them. 3 T. B. Mon. 335. One who is actually and personally engaged or employed to do work of a mechanical or physical character, not including one who takes contracts for labor to be performed by others. 7 El. & Bl. 135. One who is master of his art, and whose employment consists chiefly in manual labor. Wharton; Cunningham. ARTIFICIAL. Created by art, or by law; existing only by force of or in contem plation of law. ARTIFICIAL PERSON S. Persons cre ated and devised by human laws for the pur poses of society and government, as distin guished from natural persons. Corporations are examples of artificial persons. 1 Bl. Comm. 123. ARTIFICIAL PRESUMPTIONS. Al so called "legal presumptions;" those which derive their force and effect from the law, rather than their natural tendency to produce belief. 3 Starkie, Ev. 1235. ARTIFICIALLY. Technically; scien tifically; using terms of art. A will or con tract is described as "artificially" drawn if it is couched in apt and technical phrases and exhibits a scientific arrangement. ARURA. An old English law term, sig nifying a day's work in plowing. ARVIL- SUPPER. A feast or entertain ment made at a funeral in the north of Eng land; arvil bread is bread delivered to tha poor at funeral solemnities, and arvil, arval, or arfal, the burial or funeral rites. Cowell

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