Foundations of Freedom

 "Public officials are not immune from suit when they transcend their lawful authority by invading constitutional rights .‖ AFLCIO v. Woodard, 406 F 2d 137 t

 "An officer who acts in violation of the Constitution ceases to represent the government.― Brookfield Const. Co. v. Stewart, 284 F.Supp. 94

 "When the officer turns on the red light to pull you over, he technically places you under arrest.― People v. Superior Court (1972) 7 Cal.App.3d 186, 200

 "Arrest" means any law enforcement action, including issuance of a notice to appear or notice of violation, which results in a criminal charge.

California Penal Code 1463(a)