Deliberate Dumbing Down of America Public Education

I–26 Lauder Foundation, 299 Lawrence, Jaqueline, 206 Lawrence, Malcolm, 209, 230 Leadership Development Associates, 167 “Leading Business Executives Create Council to Promote S-T W Programs,” 344 League for Independent Political Action, 23 League for Industrial Democracy, 8, 11 League of Nations, 12, 42 learning “authentic” applications of, 325–326 integrative, 340 service, 346–347 “super,” 156–158, 426–427 Learning a Living: A Blueprint for High Performance , 266–268 Learning and Development Center, 330 Learning and Instruction , 78 “Learning and Peace: UNESCO Starts Its Work” (Richard A. Johnson), 38 “Learning and Teaching in the Future” (John Goodlad), 81 Learning Disabilities, Cognitive, and Social Development Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health, 212 “Learning for All: Bridging Domestic and International Educa tion,” 321 “Learning for All—What Will It Take?”, 406–407 Learning for Life , 389–390 Learning for Tomorrow: The Role of the Future in Education (Alvin Toffler), 180 Learning Research and Development Center (LRDC) of the University of Pittsburgh, 150, 417, A52, A55 and Alan Lesgold, 382 and Individually Prescribed Instruction (IPI), 68 and Lauren Resnick, 177 and Robert Glaser, 211–212 Learning to Be (Faure Report), 148, 163 “Learning to Read the ECRI Way” (Dennis Bailey), 182 Ledell, Marjorie, 322 Ledger , 111 Left Brain/Right Brain Thinking, 340 Legal Challenges to Behavior Modification (Reed Martin), A146 Leipzig, Germany, 2–3 Leipzig Connection (The): The Systematic Destruction of American Education (Paolo Lionni, Lance Klass), 2–5, 6n, 158n Lemann, Nicholas, 435–436 basic needs of, 451n brain-based, 426–427 brain-compatible, 339–341 constructivist, 325–326 definition of, 1, 2 group, 247

Leming, James, 252 Lenin: On Educating Youth (N. Landa), A138–139 Lenin, Vladimir, A63, A138–139 Lenskaya, Elena, 289, 451n Leonard, George, 303 Leonardo da Vinci Programme Cooperation, 390, 402 Leontief, Wassily, 142–143, 303, A49 Lepley, William, 253 Lesgold, Alan, 382 Leslie, Sarah, 276, 451n, A167–176 Lessinger, Leon, 100, 127, A27 “Lessons—in the quiet world of schools, a time bomb is set for 1993 on certifying teachers,” 255 “Let’s Be Honest—Ethical Issues of the ’90s,” 252 “Letter from Peking” (Edgar Snow), 104 Leu, Donald, 79 Leurner, Hanscarl, 74 Levin, Henry M., 99, 340, 427 Levin, Jonathan, 29 Lewin, Kurt, A108 Lewis, Bayan, 279 Lewis, Bettye, 405–406, A23–26 Lewis, C.S., 37, 140, 158n Lewis, Janet, 327 Lezotte, Lawrence W. (Larry), 189, 314–315, 406–407, 420 liberal arts, 140 Lickona, Thomas, 312, 351–352, 421–422 Liebenstein, Harvey, 303 Life Magazine , 43 Life of C.S. Lewis (A) (George Jack Sayer), 158n Lifton, Robert Jay, A146 Light Shall Set You Free (The) (Shirley McCune), 366–367 Lilly Endowment of the Eli Lilly Corporation, 419 Limbaugh, Rush, xxviii Limits to Growth (Club of Rome), A169 Lin, Su, 335 Lincoln, Abraham, 44 Lincoln County Weekly (Maine), 409 Lindquist, Clarence B., 57 Lindsley, Ogden R., 60, A8 Lines of Credit: Ropes of Bondage (Robert H. Goldsborough), 54n Lionni, Paolo, 2–5, 6n, 158n Lipper, Arthur, 152–153 Lippman, Walter, 12 literacy, 183, 237 functional, 196 as problem in schools, 6 Literacy Hoax (The) , A8 Little, James Kenneth, A8 Littleton, Colorado, xxvi, 29, 318–320 Litton Industries, 112 Liverpool Laboratory School at the Research and Develop- Levitt, Arthur (Jr.), 176 Levitt, Michael O., 316